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Lowering inflammation and expanding lung capacity are keys

By David Dunaief, M.D.

Welcome to autumn! It’s the time of year when we revel in the beauty of changing foliage, the joy of Halloween decorations and costumes, and the prevalence “pumpkin spice” everything.

Unfortunately, it’s also the time of year when we are most alert to influenza (the flu), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and COVID-19 variants circulating in our communities.

If you have a lung disease, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or asthma, or if you smoke or vape, the consequences of these viruses are especially concerning.

The good news is that you can do a lot to improve your lung function by exercising, eating a plant-based diet with a focus on fruits and vegetables, expanding your lung capacity with an incentive spirometer, and quitting smoking or vaping (1). 

Does diet improve lung function?

It’s no surprise that your dietary choices can help or hinder your health. What is surprising is diet’s impact on your lung health. Let’s review some of the studies.

In a randomized controlled trial (RCT), results show that asthma patients who ate a high-antioxidant diet had greater lung function after 14 days than those who ate a low-antioxidant diet (2). They also had lower inflammation at 14 weeks, which was measured using a c-reactive protein (CRP) biomarker. Participants in the low-antioxidant group were over two times more likely to have an asthma exacerbation.

The high-antioxidant group had a modest five servings of vegetables and two servings of fruit daily, while the low-antioxidant group ate no more than two servings of vegetables and one serving of fruit daily. Using carotenoid supplementation in place of antioxidant foods did not affect inflammation. The authors concluded that an increase in carotenoids from diet has a clinically significant impact on asthma in a very short period.

In a longer-term analysis of the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study, researchers assessed and stratified diets into three tiers to identify the impacts of diet quality on long-term lung health (3). Researchers found that a nutritionally-rich plant-centered diet was associated with significantly less decline in lung function over 20 years, even after adjusting for demographic and lifestyle factors influencing lung health.

What is the impact of fiber on COPD risk?

Several studies demonstrate that higher consumption of fiber from plants decreases the risk of COPD in smokers and ex-smokers.

In one study of men, results showed that higher fiber intake was associated with significant 48 percent reductions in COPD incidence in smokers and 38 percent incidence reductions in ex-smokers (4). The high-fiber group ate at least 36.8 grams per day, compared to the low-fiber group, which ate less than 23.7 grams per day. Fiber sources were fruits, vegetables and whole grain. The “high-fiber” group was still below the American Dietetic Association’s recommended intake of 14 grams per 1,000 calories each day.

In another study, this time with women, participants who consumed at least 2.5 serving of fruit per day, compared to those who consumed less than 0.8 servings per day, experienced a highly significant 37 percent decreased risk of COPD (5).

Both studies used apples, bananas, and pears to reduce COPD risk.

What exercise helps improve lung function?

In a study involving healthy women aged 65 years and older, results showed that 20 minutes of high-intensity exercise three times a day improved FEV1 and FVC, both indicators of lung function, in just 12 weeks (7). Participants began with a 15-minute warm-up, then 20 minutes of high-intensity exercise on a treadmill, followed by 15 minutes of stretching.

You do not need special equipment. You can walk up steps or hills in your neighborhood, do jumping jacks, or even dance around your home. It’s most important to increase your heart rate and expand your lungs. If this is new for you, consult a physician and start slowly. Your stamina will improve quickly when you do it consistently.

What is incentive spirometry?

An incentive spirometer (IS) is a device that helps expand the lungs when you inhale through a tube and cause one or more balls to rise. This inhalation expands the lung’s alveoli.

Incentive spirometry has been used for patients with pneumonia, those who have had chest or abdominal surgery and those with asthma or COPD, but it has also been useful for healthy participants (8). A small study showed that those who trained with an incentive spirometer for two weeks increased their lung function and respiratory motion. Participants were 10 non-smoking healthy adults who took five sets of five deep breaths twice a day, totaling 50 deep breaths per day. 

In recent years, some small studies examined the impact of IS on patient COVID-19 outcomes. One study of 48 patients in an outpatient setting found that study participants using an IS three times a day experienced a 16 percent increase in maximal inspiratory volume over a span of 30 days (9).

Another pilot study followed 10 patients diagnosed with moderate COVID-19 to determine whether IS use prevented development of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) (10). IS users had improved PaO2/FiO2 ratio, improved chest X-ray findings, shorter hospital stays, and sooner improvement of symptoms than non-users.

We all should be working to strengthen our lungs. Using a three-pronged approach including diet, aerobic exercise, and incentive spirometer can make a tremendous difference.

References:

(1) Public Health Rep. 2011 Mar-Apr; 126(2): 158-159. (2) Am J Clin Nutr. 2012 Sep;96(3):534-43. (3) Res Sq  [Preprint]. 2023 Apr 26:rs.3.rs-2845326. [Version 1] (4) Epidemiology Mar 2018;29(2):254-260. (5) Int J Epidemiol Dec 1 2018;47(6);1897-1909. (6) J Phys Ther Sci. Aug 2017;29(8):1454-1457. (8) Ann Rehabil Med. Jun 2015;39(3):360-365. (9) Cureus. 2021 Oct 4;13(10):e18483. (10) Eur Resp J 2022 60: 268.

Dr. David Dunaief is a speaker, author and local lifestyle medicine physician focusing on the integration of medicine, nutrition, fitness and stress management. For further information, visit www.medicalcompassmd.com or consult your personal physician.

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A model of the bark Modesta, Capt. Rowland’s last command. Mary sailed on the 'Modesta' to exotic ports in Africa, the Mediterranean and South America. Photo courtesy of Bev Tyler

By Beverly C. Tyler

“I manage to go on shore more or less in every port and learn the different manners and customs of different nations and the works of God and man, both nature and art. I find much to amuse, edify and interest us, and see what so many travelers pay large sums for, while Henry makes a living and the brig is our hotel and even what is much better, our home.” — Mary Rowland, January 1873

In the graveyard of Setauket Presbyterian Church, near the center rear, lie the graves of Captain Henry L. Rowland (1827-1876) and his wife, Mary Satterly Rowland (1832-1908). The couple’s farm was situated south of their final resting place, between Main Street and Setauket Harbor. Today, Setauket School faces what was once the Rowland farm.

Children of Capt. Henry and Mary Satterly Rowland – Woodhull, Mary Emma and Henrietta.

Mary is one of the women featured in the Three Village Historical Society’s Spirits cemetery tour. Her life, like that of many women who lived in the area and traveled the world, remains largely unknown. A portion of Mary’s tumultueous sea adventures is documented in the book “Hen Frigates” by New Zealander Joan Druett.

“At 4 a.m., tacking on shore,” Mary Rowland wrote in 1856, “the vessel was rolling and pitching badly.” Everything below was “upside down, and there is no rest or peace to be had. Worst of all, one could hardly keep in bed, especially on one tack; when I sit down, I must of necessity take the floor for a sofa.”

Despite the hardships, Henry and Mary spent over 20 years living aboard three different sailing ships that traveled the world, carrying cargo from port to port. The couple’s children grew up on these ships, built in East Setauket, and one of them, Woodhull, was born on board.

“The captain’s wife gave birth to a child,” reads the logbook entry of the brig Thomas W. Rowland for October 21, 1857, near the island of Abaco. Mary Rowland’s two daughters, Henrietta and Mary Emma, were sent between decks with their dolls to play while Henry delivered the baby boy, christened Woodhull.

During the American Civil War, Captain Henry Rowland’s bark Glenwood sailed under sealed orders, with its destination (Pensacola, to deliver supplies to the troops) unknown until the orders were opened. The voyage south was traumatic; the vessel was struck twice by lightning, resulting in the death of one crew member. Mary’s youngest child, Willie, fell ill with yellow fever as they neared Pensacola Bay. All night, as they lay hove to near Santa Rosa Island, she fought for her son’s life while cannonballs from Confederate and Union gunships screamed overhead. When the battle was over, the Glenwood had survived unscathed but the little boy was dead.

Cover of “Hen Frigates” by Joan Druett

The diaries, journals, letters and artifacts of Setauket wives Mary Satterly Rowland, Mary Swift Jones and Ellen Elizabeth Jones, along with the logbooks of their captain husbands, are part of the collection at the Three Village Historical Society. These materials, donated by local residents and relatives, provide valuable insight into the lives of women at sea aboard wooden commercial ships. These women, along with their children in many cases, traveled the world with their husbands and fathers. Their experiences are part of the many stories told in the Society’s exhibition, “The Sailing Circle: 19th Century Seafaring Women from New York.”

The two Marys are featured in Hen Frigates along with many other women and children whose adventures make for fascinating reading. They are also included in the exhibit catalog The Sailing Circle, available in the society gift shop.

“Hen Frigates” by Joan Druett, available at the Emma S. Clark Library, is a seafaring book packed with intriguing details about shipboard life during the 19th century, when wooden ships and their crews journeyed along the North American coast and around the world. More than just a book about families at sea, Hen Frigates covers in dramatic detail the growth of American maritime commerce in the 19th century.

One of the most interesting aspects of local history is its connections to larger realms of people and events. Our community is linked in many ways to our region, nation and the world—a reality that has persisted throughout our history. The Three Village community is wonderfully rich in both natural and man-made resources that illustrate and exemplify these connections.

Beverly Tyler is an author and the historian for the Three Village Historical Society, located at 93 North Country Road, Setauket. Visit www.tvhs.org for more information.

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From left, a female and male Pileated Woodpecker. The male can be differentiated from the female by its red cheek stripe and longer red crown that extends to its bill. Pixabay photo

By John L. Turner

Part One 

John Turner

Perhaps you remember, from those good ol’ days in high school biology, the phrase the teacher requested that you memorize: “Form begets function.” This truism reflects a universal fact that a strong correlation exists between the form of an animal or body part and the function it performs.

The long legs of a heron, for example, help it excel at wading in the shallow water of pond edges where it employs its long, dagger-like bill to spear fish and frogs. Similarly, the shape of a barnacle, growing on rocks in the intertidal portion of the ocean where crashing waves can dislodge anchored objects, is shaped to deflect wave energy. 

Nowhere is this “form fits function” rule better exhibited than with our native woodpeckers, birds that grip the vertical surface of bark while hammering away on wood. Indeed, from head to tail woodpeckers are the epitome of the truism. Many of their physical features allow them to excel when pecking on wood.  

Let’s start with the tail. Woodpecker tail feathers, especially the middle two, are quite stiff, much stiffer than, say, a blue jay feather. This rigidity is a major benefit as the tail serves as a brace, similar to a telephone lineman’s legs against the utility pole, helping to anchor the bird against the side of a tree. The other part of the anchor involves very strong feet equipped with sharp and powerful claws enabling the bird to maintain a firm grip, a grip enhanced because a woodpecker’s four toes are aligned with two toes in the front and two in the back to better grip bark, compared to a songbird’s foot with three toes in the front and one in the back. 

A male Pileated Woodpecker. Pixabay photo

These anchor points serve well as the woodpecker uses them to actively probe crevices in the bark, as well as to hammer away wood in search of grubs lurking beneath. And this is where the adaptations in the bird’s skull come into play. According to the definitive text on this bird group “Woodpeckers of North America,” a Pileated Woodpecker may strike with its bill, and by extension its skull, 12,000 times a day. Even more remarkably, the deceleration force each time can be as much as 1,200g. This is equivalent to a human hitting their head against a wall while running at 16 mph — each and every strike.    

How does a woodpecker avoid damage to its brain and eyes from the constant hammering? To protect the brain, the skull has developed two thick spongy sections, one in front of the brain and the other behind it, which help to absorb the shock.  In woodpecker species that spend a great deal of time hammering rather than pecking and flicking, this frontal section is larger. A woodpecker’s behavior can also reduce the impact of the blows by slightly changing the angle of each strike  thereby preventing an impact to the same part of the brain with each blow.

A woodpecker’s eyes are also vulnerable to damage and, not surprisingly, here too they’ve evolved several adaptations to minimize damage. With the bird’s head moving at such speed and then coming to an immediate stop their eyes could be damaged and possibly pop out of their sockets. To prevent this, a nictitating membrane, sometimes referred to as a bird’s “third eyelid,” closes an instant before impact keeping eyes securely in their socket and preventing any wood chips from damaging the eyes. Similarly, a tuft of short feathers situated at the base of the upper bill serves to prevent chips from flying into the eyes.

The adaptations don’t stop here, as woodpecker’s tongues might be the most fascinating example of “form begeting function” in this unique group of birds.  The shape of woodpecker tongues is quite diverse. 

A male Northern Flicker identified by his black whisker. Pixabay photo

Sapsucker tongues, which as their name suggest, lick sap from holes (known as sap wells) they’ve created in tree bark, are brush-like to help lap up the liquid. In contrast, woodpeckers that search for beetle grubs in rotted wood have tongues that are stiff and barbed, with some possessing backward pointing spines like a fish hook to assist in extracting prey. Sticky saliva also helps in capturing prey. 

If you stick out your tongue you can feel it is anchored to the bottom of your mouth, toward the back. Not so with woodpeckers. Remarkably, their tongues are not anchored in their mouths at all; they are anchored in their forehead near the base of the upper bill and wraps entirely around their skull. This makes the tongue quite extendable and in Northern Flickers means they can stick their tongues out a full two inches beyond the tip of the bill, a good skill to have for nabbing ants from a distance.   

Virtually all woodpeckers are cavity nesters with most taking the time to excavate the nesting and roosting cavities they use. In this way, woodpeckers play a crucial role in providing nesting opportunities for other cavity nesting birds such as Screech Owls, Eastern Bluebirds, Black-capped Chickadees, Tufted Titmice,  and Great-crested Flycatchers. In total, woodpecker cavities are used by more than 40 bird species in North America for nesting and roosting and provide shelter to several mammals such as flying squirrels and even some snake and lizard species.  

Read Part II of Wonderful Woodpeckers in the issue of November 21 or click here.

A resident of Setauket, author John L. Turner is a naturalist, conservation co-chair of the Four Harbors Audubon Society, and Conservation Policy Advocate for the Seatuck Environmental Association.

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Photo from MetroCreative Connection

With deer rutting season upon us, it’s crucial to remember that while these creatures nibbling on our properties or suddenly running in front of our vehicles can be irritating, they were here first.

Tens of thousands of deer call our Island home. This delicate ecosystem relies on their presence — perhaps not an overabundance, but a presence nonetheless. They influence the types of trees and vegetation that grow here by selectively browsing certain plants, meaning they eat some species more than others. They also contribute to overall biodiversity.

If we’re concerned about our gardens, we can try fencing, netting or chicken wire around problematic areas. If a deer runs toward our car at night, we should stay calm and do our best to drive straight, brake firmly and blow the horn, protecting both the vehicle’s passengers and the deer. Above all, we must not feed them. Not only is it dangerous to the deer’s health, but it also increases elopement rates and puts us in harm’s way. Deer may be gentle but can become aggressive when approached. If they learn that food is available in a specific area, they’ll return with friends, perpetuating a cycle of overpopulation in densely populated areas.

While the Island’s abundance of deer can be a nuisance, rutting — or mating season — is a natural part of this species’ biological function. They have added beauty and importance to our region since the days of our Setalcott predecessors.

They aren’t trying to hurt us or harm our land; they are simply following their instincts.

So let’s remain calm this rutting season. There are only two months of this hyperactivity among our deer, after which everything will return to business as usual.

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Pixabay photo
A Column Promoting a More Earth-Friendly Lifestyle

By John L. Turner

John Turner

As Halloween nears, countless front porches in neighborhoods throughout the North Shore will be adorned with pumpkins of many shapes, sizes and expressions. But soon, following Halloween but perhaps lasting until Thanksgiving, their use as ornaments to frighten, amuse, and delight will end and homeowners are faced with what to do with them. Nationally, this is no small issue, as the United States Department of Agriculture notes about one billion pounds of pumpkins are thrown away each fall. 

If you’re looking for a more environmentally beneficial alternative than putting pumpkins in your curbside trash where they can cause methane production problems, you can: 

1) Compost your pumpkins (breaking them into smaller pieces accelerates the composting process); 

2) If there’s a farm, petting zoo, or a neighbor with chickens, bring them your pumpkins to nourish their animals;

3) Leave the pumpkins in a back corner to feed squirrels and other backyard wildlife through the cold season; or

4) Consume them! Puree the flesh for soup, pie or pumpkin bread and roast and salt the seeds (high in several minerals).    

By following one of these practices you’ll conclude your celebration of the fall holiday season in a way that also celebrates the planet! 

A resident of Setauket, author John L. Turner is conservation chair of the Four Harbors Audubon Society, author of “Exploring the Other Island: A Seasonal Nature Guide to Long Island” and president of Alula Birding & Natural History Tours.

 

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Stony Brook University researchers Fusheng Wang and Dr. Richard Rosenthal

By Daniel Dunaief

Health care providers can use all the help they can get amid an ongoing opioid epidemic that claims the lives of 130 Americans each day.

In a cross-disciplinary effort that combines the computer science skills of Fusheng Wang and the clinical knowledge and experience of doctors including Dr. Richard Rosenthal, Stony Brook University is developing an artificial intelligence model that the collaborators hope will predict risk related to opioid use disorder and opioid overdose.

Fusheng Wang

Wang, a Professor in the Department of Biomedical Informatics and Computer Science at Stony Brook and Rosenthal, a Professor in the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health in the Renaissance School of Medicine, received a $1.05 million, three-year contract from the independent funding organization Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI).

“We have patients, clinical stakeholders, clinician scientists and community-based people within the system of care that have an interest at the table in the development cycle of this AI mechanism from day one,” Rosenthal said. The PCORI required that the scientists identify these stakeholders as a part of the research strategy.

The Stony Brook researchers are combining data from Cerner, a major electronic health record vendor under an institutional data usage agreement, with an awareness of the need to create a program that doctors can use and patients can understand.

Traditional public health studies rely on analyzing incidents that occurred. This approach, however, can be applied to population health management through early interventions, Wang explained.

With artificial intelligence, computer scientists typically plug enormous amounts of data into a model that searches through individual or combined factors and comes up with a prediction through a deep learning process.

The factors, which may be in the hundreds or even more, that contributed to the conclusion about a risk level aren’t always clear, which makes them difficult for doctors to explain and for patients to understand. Many of the factors may not be clinically intuitive.

Deep learning models can provide certain types of information about the prediction, such as a ranking of top factors. These factors, however, may not necessarily be clinically relevant, Wang explained.

To balance the need for data-driven analysis with the desire to create a product that people feel confident using, the scientists plan to become a part of the process.

“We are all going to educate each other,” said Rosenthal. “Patients will tell you what it means to be a patient, to be at the receiving end of some doctors telling them something they don’t know” while each group will share their lived experience.

Each participant will be a student and a teacher. Rosenthal believes this stakeholder in the loop approach will create a tool that is clinically relevant.

“There’s an opportunity to produce a highly accurate predictive mechanism that is highly acceptable based on transparency,” he said.

To be sure, people involved in this process could deemphasize a factor that doesn’t make sense to them, but that might otherwise increase the predictive accuracy of the developing model.

“This might come at the expense of the performance metric,” Rosenthal said.

Still, he doesn’t think any human correction or rebalancing of various factors will reduce the value of the program. At the same time, he believes the process will likely increase the chances that doctors and patients will react to its prognosis.

A program with a personal touch

Wang created the model the scientists are using and enhancing. He reached out to several physicians, including Director of the Primary Care Track in Internal Medicine Rachel Wong and later, Rosenthal, for his addiction research expertise.

Dr. Richard Rosenthal

Rosenthal started collaborating on grant proposals focused on big data and the opioid epidemic and attending Wang’s graduate student workgroup in 2018.

Wang recognized the value of the clinician’s experience when communicating about these tools.

“Studies show that patients have lots of skepticism about AI,” he explained. Designing a tool that will generate enough information and evidence that a patient can easily use is critical.

The kind of predictions and risk profiles these models forecast could help doctors as they seek the best way to prevent the development of an addiction that could destroy the quality and quantity of their patients’ lives.

“If we can identify early risk before the patient begins to get addicted, that will be extremely helpful,” Wang added.

If opioid use disorder has already started for a patient, the tool also could predict whether a patient has a high chance of ending treatment, which could create worse outcomes.

Refinements to the model will likely include local factors that residents might experience in one area that would be different for populations living in other regions.

Depending on what they learn, this could allow “us to frame our machine learning questions in a more context-dependent population, population-dependent domain,” Rosenthal said.

Opioid-related health problems in the northeast, in places like Long Island, is often tied to the use of cocaine. In the Southwest, the threat from opioids comes from mixing it with stimulants such as methamphetamines, Rosenthal added.

“Localization increases the accuracy and precision” in these models, he said.

Eventually, the model could include a risk dashboard that indicates what kind of preventive measures someone might need to take to protect themselves.

The scientists envision doctors and patients examining the dashboard together. A doctor can explain, using the model and the variable that it includes, how he or she is concerned about a patient, without declaring that the person will have a problem.

“Given these factors, that puts you at greater risk,” said Rosenthal. “We are not saying you’re going to have a problem” but that the potential for an opioid-related health crisis has increased.

Unless someone already has a certain diagnosis, doctors can only discuss probabilities and give sensible recommendations, Rosenthal explained.

They hope the tool they are developing will offer guidance through an understandable process.

“At the end of the day, the machine is never going to make the decision,” said Rosenthal. With the help of the patient, the clinician can and should develop a plan that protects the health of the patient.

“We’re aiming to improve the quality of care for patients,” he said.

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Honey Devil's Food Cake

By Heidi Sutton

It’s time to get spooky sweet with some Halloween treats like this decadent and delicious Devil’s Food Cake, a Star Wars inspired hot cocoa and a Monster Smoothie.

Honey Devil’s Food Cake

Recipe courtesy of National Honey Board

Honey Devil’s Food Cake

YIELD: Makes 10 servings

INGREDIENTS: 

1½ cups all-purpose flour

1½ cups unsweetened cocoa powder, divided

2 teaspoons baking soda

1 teaspoon baking powder

½ teaspoon salt

2 cups honey, divided

½ cup 2 percent low-fat milk

½ cup vegetable oil

2 eggs

3 teaspoons vanilla extract, divided

1 cup just-boiled water

1 cup heavy whipping cream

Milk chocolate shavings, for garnish

DIRECTIONS:

Preheat oven to 350 degrees. Grease and flour two 9-inch cake pans. In a large bowl, combine flour, 1 cup cocoa powder, baking soda, baking powder and salt. Add 1½ cups honey, milk, oil, eggs and 2 teaspoons vanilla; beat 2 minutes. Gradually beat in hot water. Divide batter between pans. Bake 25–30 minutes, or until sides pull away slightly from pan and toothpick inserted in center comes out clean. Cool 10 minutes. Turn onto wire racks and cool completely.

To make the frosting, combine remaining cocoa powder, honey and vanilla, and cream in a medium bowl. Beat until thick and fluffy. Spread frosting evenly over sides and top of one cake layer. Place second cake layer on top. Spread remaining frosting over sides and top. Garnish with milk chocolate shavings.

Yoda Hot Cocoa

Recipe courtesy of Deb Thompson

Yoda Hot Cocoa

YIELD: Makes 4 servings

INGREDIENTS: 

Green sprinkles

4 cups milk, any type including lactose free

1 teaspoon vanilla extract

8 ounces white chocolate chips

2 drops green food coloring

whipped cream

8 candy eyes, divided

DIRECTIONS:

Dip the rim of the glass in water. Pour green sprinkles onto a plate or into a bowl and dip the edge of the wet glass in sprinkles, coating it in green. In a medium sauce pan over medium-low heat, mix together milk, vanilla, food coloring and white chocolate. Cook, stirring often, until the white chocolate comes to a simmer and is melted. Do not let boil. Remove from heat, pour hot chocolate into prepared mugs, top with whipped cream, sprinkles and two candy eyes

Monster Smoothies

Monster Smoothies

YIELD: Makes 4 servings

INGREDIENTS: 

8 ounces milk, 2%

1 (5.3-ounce) container yogurt, low-fat pineapple Greek

1/2 cup 100% pasteurized apple cider

6 spinach leaves

1 medium frozen banana

1 pear, cored

1 avocado, pitted and peeled

DIRECTIONS:

In a blender, combine milk, Greek yogurt, apple cider, spinach, banana, pear, and avocado. Blend until smooth.

 

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Snoop Bird. Photo courtesy of Smithtown Animal Shelter

MEET SNOOP BIRD!

This week’s shelter pet is Snoop Bird, a blue, black and white female parakeet who was found as a stray  on Oct. 16 and dropped off at the Smithtown Animal  & Adoption Shelter.  

Estimated to be about 11 months old, Snoop Bird is a vocal and happy girl. She is just getting to know the shelter staff but tolerates hands in her cage fairly well. Will a little time and patience, the staff has every reason to believe she will become hand tame. Like most parakeets, she would love a buddy.

If you are interested in meeting Snoop Bird, please call ahead to schedule an hour to properly interact with her.

Please note that the Smithtown Shelter is not set up to maintain any animals other than dogs/cats long term.

The Town of Smithtown Animal & Adoption Shelter is located at 410 Middle Country Road, Smithtown. Visitor hours are Monday to Saturday from 10 a.m. to 3 p.m. (Sundays and Wednesday evenings by appointment only). For more information, call 631-360-7575 or visit www.townofsmithtownanimalshelter.com.

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MetroCreative Photo

By Daniel Dunaief

Daniel Dunaief

My wife and I have been voting early for several years. We like the convenience of early voting and find that we don’t tend to have to wait too long through the potential long lines of Election Day.

This election day, in particular, seemed problematic to us, as talk of unofficial and party-trained monitors, some of whom are watching over the elections themselves while others are observing the actions of other monitors, are poised to pollute the process.

We drove to the early site, looking carefully from the road at the number of cars in the parking lot and the length of the line out of the building.

If the line exceeded a certain visual marker, we would have returned at another day and time. When we were sure the queue was shorter than our maximum, we pulled into the parking lot, where we immediately found a spot.

Standing outside in an organized, relaxed and respectful crowd, we opened our phones to take a last look at the backgrounds of some of the down ballot candidates and at the experiences of would-be officials who were unaffiliated with either major party.

An elderly black woman appeared behind us, holding a tiny bijou cream-colored dog inside her coat.

“I hope that dog has an official ID,” I offered, as she smiled at me. “Which way is she leaning this year?”

The woman shared a broad and welcoming grin and said her dog’s papers were up to date.

As other voters joined the line or exited the polling place, several people came over and chatted with her about her dog.

“I miss my dog so much,” a man said, as he asked if he could pet her puppy.

She said he was welcome to visit.

“I lost my dog a few months after I lost my wife,” the man said, barely holding back tears.

The rest of us offered sympathetic glances at the man, who, despite sharing a palpable and visible grief, had come out to vote.

The line continued to build, with a 30-something man in scrubs standing next to the woman with the dog.

As others waited for their turn behind us, almost everyone grinned at the dog whose calm demeanor and charm could easily have won him votes if he were running for office.

Once inside the building, the election official with a name tag that read Sarah asked a woman to dispose of an almost empty drink container in the nearby restroom. Sarah promised to hold the woman’s spot, while the voter deposited her trash.

When my wife and I got to the front, Sarah asked the woman behind us if her dog was a service dog. The woman hesitated and then said she had a bad ankle and would have to carry the dog all the way back to the car.

Sarah apologized and also planned to hold her spot. I walked to the open check in desk, handed over my driver’s license and was asked to pronounce my last name. I was directed to another line, where I waited until another official took me to a voting machine.

The woman who returned her dog to her car was standing at a desk. She said she had considered describing her dog as a service animal, but thought better of lying.

Once at a voting machine, I started making my choices.

“Kamala Harris, Kamala Harris, Kamala Harris,” a Black girl who was about 10 years old shouted in a loud crescendo as her mother stood in the machine next to mine.

“So sorry,” her mother sighed, smiling at me, as she tried to contain her daughter’s excitement.

This young girl clearly didn’t share any of the fear, name calling, or anger of this election. She read a name she knew and was overflowing with unbridled enthusiasm.

As a parent, I wished I had told that woman to videotape her daughter’s delight, not only for the historic nature of the moment, but also to capture the sound of an enthralled, youthful voice.

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